Florida field guide

Know the plant.
Know the rules.

Photos and short field notes for common service-relevant plants. This guide is not a definitive identification or blanket permission to remove a plant.

Common salvinia (Salvinia minima)01

Common salvinia

Salvinia minima

Identification. Small floating fern with paired oval leaves and fine hairs on the upper surface. It can form dense mats in slow-moving water.

Mechanical / handling note. Mechanical harvesting is most effective on early, localized populations. Small floating pieces require careful collection and equipment cleaning.

Photo reference: Web reference
Torpedograss (Panicum repens)02

Torpedograss

Panicum repens

Identification. A perennial shoreline and wetland grass with pale creeping underground stems and sharply pointed rhizome tips.

Mechanical / handling note. Rhizomes can regrow, and soil disturbance can spread the plant. Physical work may require repeated follow-up.

Photo reference: Plantwise Plus
Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata)03

Hydrilla

Hydrilla verticillata

Identification. Submerged stems with small toothed leaves arranged in whorls, often five leaves around the stem. Dense growth may reach the surface.

Mechanical / handling note. Mechanical harvesting may be considered where authorized. Fragments can establish new growth, so containment and handling matter.

Photo reference: UF/IFAS
Water hyacinth (Pontederia crassipes)04

Water hyacinth

Pontederia crassipes

Identification. Free-floating plant with glossy rounded leaves, inflated leaf stalks, hanging dark roots and sometimes lavender-blue flowers.

Mechanical / handling note. Mechanical harvest can remove floating mats. The method depends on density, access, wildlife and disposal planning.

Photo reference: UF/IFAS
Water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)05

Water lettuce

Pistia stratiotes

Identification. Floating rosettes of pale green, ribbed, velvety leaves with roots hanging below the plant.

Mechanical / handling note. Mechanical removal may be considered, but small plantlets can spread if they are not contained.

Photo reference: UF/IFAS
Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides)06

Alligatorweed

Alternanthera philoxeroides

Identification. Emergent or floating mats with opposite leaves, hollow stems and small white papery flower heads.

Mechanical / handling note. Stem fragments can root and regrow. Identification, containment and follow-up are critical.

Photo reference: Florida Natural Areas Inventory
Giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta)07

Giant salvinia

Salvinia molesta

Identification. A free-floating fern whose paired leaves develop distinctive folded, egg-beater-like hairs.

Mechanical / handling note. Suspected plants require expert identification and agency coordination. Do not move them without guidance.

Photo reference: UF/IFAS
Central Florida

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